2018-08-11
Infinite Scrolling in React using JavaScript Generator
react, javascript, generator, tutorial
While reading A Quick, Practical Use Case for ES6 Generators: Building an Infinitely Repeating Array, I happened to be checking out Reddit API.
JavaScript Generator is a great way to infinitely return data and thought I could use it for 🥁🥁🥁 infinite scrolling.
Let's see how to implement infinite scrolling in React with JavaScript Generator.
🚀 JavaScript Generator?
A generator is an easy way to implement both Iterator and Iterable protocols.
As usual, I will be lazy and refer you to these articles.
In a gist, think of it as an object that returns a sequence of data infinitely until you tell it to stop.
🚀 Generator to Return Reddit Data
Here is a generator function that returns ReactJS subreddit data.
First thing to note is that, generators are declared with keyword function* (notice the star after the function keyword).
That * is what makes a function a generator.
On line#2, a URL is passed, with default value set to ReactJS API URL.
Line#4 shows a declaration of nextUrl, which is constructed using the url from line#2 and after argument required to fetch next batch of data (we will see it in a moment).
Now the while loop is where the interesting things happen.
nextUrl is empty initially so it's set to url passed as a function argument.
Then we fetch Reddit data as JSON, which has a shape shown below.
Value stored in after property is what we need to fetch next batch of data.
And line #10 constructs the next URL to query to fetch more data.
Thank you tills1993 for finding the bug in the previous code.
Now you see this unfamiliar keyword yield that returns an array of data using Array#map.
Yield temporarily returns the data and gives up the control to the calling code.
So when the calling code calls getContent again, all variables inside the while loop is restored thus nextUrl will contain the next URL not null.
(I am not sure if it's the work of closures so I'd love to hear your feedback on it)
Lastly, we export getContent from ContentRepo.js.
We've covered how the generator function, getContent works so let's move on to implement infinite scrolling in React.
🚀 End Result
Before moving on, let's see how the end result looks visually.
https://youtu.be/L-aEA5c3EYs
Infinite Scrolling in action
It loads 4 stories with "Load More Stories" button.
Infinite scrolling will happen when the page has stories that spans longer than the view port height.
_Please pardon the color combinations, I tried my best to make it pretty…
_
Now you see how the end result looks, let's move on.
🚀 Implementing Infinite Scrolling
Let's see the main component App's structure.
App's state contains all Reddit posts, and a flag to see if we have reached the bottom of the page.
- repo is a generator that returns Reddit data infinitely as mentioned in Generator to Return Reddit Data.
- getNextPosts returns next batch of Reddit posts (data fetch logic is hidden away in the generator function).
- windowSizeHandler is a callback that's triggered when the browser window is resized or scrolled.
- componentDidMount is where we register Window Resize & Scroll events and get initial batch of Reddit posts.
- componentWillUnmount is where we unregister Resize & Scroll events to remove listeners.
- loadMoreStories is a helper function that's called by Load More Stories button.
- render is where we load posts and shows Load More Stories button.
Let's see the implementation of each method one by one.
🚀 Component Implementation Details
🗿 componentDidMount
This is where we register two window events and fetch initial posts to display.
I've used lodash.throttle function to limit the number of events generated.
Or else there will be too many events fired and make too many Reddit API requests.
spryes on reddit has pointed out that `throttle` would return a new function every time so I've created a reference to the throttled implementation in thrrotledWindowHandler.
The reason for choosing throttle over debounce is because I wanted to load next batch of data without having to wait until user started/finished scrolling/resizing.
For the difference, refer to Debouncing and Throttling Explained Through Examples.
🗿 componentWillUnmount
Make sure to clean up and free up listeners when the component is unmounted.
🗿 windowSizeHandler
First we calculate whether we have reached the bottom of the viewport (isBottomReached).
- window.scrollY is how much one has scrolled vertically so far
- window.innerHeight is the viewport height
- document.body.offsetHeight indicates the total height of the content in <body>.
If the sum of scrollY and innerHeight is same as document.bodyOffsetHeight, then we have reached the bottom.
An arbitrary heightOffset value is for fetching data before reaching the bottom
That means, users don't have to wait for story to load after reaching the bottom.
https://youtu.be/2WS5wptSg0c
Loading data before reaching bottom
🗿 getNextPosts
We fetch next posts using the generator object instance, (await this.repo.next()).value.
💁* Note that you don't need to pass any arguments or keep a track of next URL to call. It's completely abstracted away.*
In line#4, new posts (posts: [...prevState.posts, ...newPosts]) are added
and turns off bottom flag since we just loaded new stories.
🗿 render
Here we construct reddit posts and display Load More Stories button.
🗿 loadMoreStories
getNextPosts is asynchronous so I wrapped it in an IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression) as async rendering will be available in later version.
🗿 RedditPost
Lastly, RedditPost component shows title and post content
👋 Parting Words
JavaScript generator abstracted away all nitty gritty details on how to fetch data, and keep track of next URL to fetch from.
And make sure you either throttle or debounce windows scroll & resize events as they fire very rapidly as explained in this post, Debouncing and Throttling Explained Through Examples.
Here is the link to the SandBox again.
I've also created a GitHub repository so you can clone it and play around with it locally.